How to Treat Advanced Breast Cancer That Has Spread to the Bones

When advanced or metastatic breast cancer spreads to the bones, patients and their families often become concerned about whether to continue aggressive treatments or begin considering palliative care, which focuses on quality of life. Understanding treatment options and appropriate care approaches is essential for making informed decisions during this stage.

How Breast Cancer Spreads to the Bones

Breast cancer is one of the cancers most likely to metastasize to the bones. Common sites include:

• Spine
• Pelvis
• Ribs
• Upper arms and thighs

Because bones have abundant blood supply that facilitates cancer cell migration, patients may experience:

• Bone pain
• Fractures from minor injuries
• Difficulty moving
• High calcium levels in the blood

Treatment of Breast Cancer that Has Spread to the Bones

Even though the disease is advanced, treatments still play a critical role in relieving symptoms, reducing pain, preventing complications, and improving quality of life.

1. Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy

Doctors may recommend medication to slow cancer growth. Although it cannot cure metastatic cancer, it can:

• Delay disease progression
• Control symptoms
• Reduce bone lesions

Depending on the cancer type, treatment may include:

• Targeted therapy (e.g., anti-HER2)
• Hormone therapy (for hormone receptor–positive cases)

2. Radiation Therapy for Bone Pain

Radiation therapy is commonly used for bone metastasis. It helps relieve pain, shrink lesions, and strengthen weakened bones.

3. Bone-strengthening Medications (Bisphosphonates / Denosumab)

These medications help reduce the risk of fractures, relieve pain, slow bone destruction, and decrease high calcium levels.

4. Surgery to Stabilize the Bones

Surgery may be required in cases of severe bone damage or fractures. Metal plates, screws, or rods may be inserted to support the affected bone and improve safety.