APR Surgery: A Key Treatment for Colorectal Cancer

Abdominoperineal Resection (APR) is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the rectum and anus, including surrounding tissues, to treat colorectal cancer. After this surgery, the patient will have a permanent colostomy, where waste exits the body through a stoma into a colostomy bag.

Purpose of APR in Cancer Treatment

APR is commonly used to treat rectal cancer, especially when the tumor is located very low in the rectum near the anus, making it impossible to preserve the anus.

Procedure of Abdominoperineal Resection

Abdominal Phase:
- The surgeon removes the lower part of the colon and the rectum.
- Blood vessels and lymph nodes in the area are also removed to prevent cancer spread.
Perineal Phase: The anus and surrounding tissues are removed.
- ผ่าตัดเอาทวารหนักและกล้ามเนื้อรอบทวารหนักออกทั้งหมด
Colostomy Creation:
- A permanent stoma is created on the abdomen, allowing waste to pass into a colostomy bag.

Indications for APR

Low rectal cancer that cannot be treated without removing the anus.
Cancer invading the sphincter muscles or surrounding tissues.
High risk of recurrence if the tumor is not completely removed.

Advantages of APR

Effectively removes cancer cells, reducing the chance of recurrence.
Improves patient survival in advanced rectal cancer cases.

Limitations and Side Effects

Permanent use of a colostomy bag.
Possible complications, such as infections or stoma irritation.
Psychological impact due to changes in body image.

Post-Surgery Care

Stoma Care: Patients learn how to manage and clean the stoma.
Physical Rehabilitation: Gradual recovery through physical therapy.
Emotional Support: Counseling to help patients adjust to life after surgery.

Abdominoperineal Resection (APR) is a crucial surgical option for treating advanced rectal cancer. Though it requires a permanent colostomy, APR significantly reduces cancer recurrence and improves patient survival outcomes.